目的：讨论医院产ESBLs （超广谱β-内酰胺酶）大肠埃希菌临床分布情况，并对其进行耐药性分析，为临床医师合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法：以某院2012年1月-2015年1月各个临床科室送检的标本中分离724株大肠埃希菌作为研究对象，采用表型确证试验检测ESBLs，并分析其分布及耐药性情况。结果：某院自2012年1月-2015年1月共检出724株大肠埃希菌；感染部位以分泌物来源最为常见，分布的主要科室是呼吸科（含ICU）、普外科及肾内科。共分离得到产ESBLs菌株248株（34.3%）；产ESBLs大肠埃希菌对美罗培南以及亚胺培南均无耐药性，而对于其他抗菌药物，其耐药率则均明显高于不产ESBLs大肠埃希菌。结论：产ESBLs大肠埃希菌具有较强的耐药性，临床应加强对其耐药性及感染率的监测。

OBJECTIVE To investigate clinical distribution and drug resistance of hospital extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli.METHODS A total of 724 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2015 were collected to perform antimicrobial susceptibility test, ESBLs screening and confirmatory test.Clinical distribution and drug resistance were statistically analyzed.RESULTS Of 724 strains of Escherichia coli, positive rate of ESBLs-production was 34.3% (248 stains).Bacterial strains were mainly distributed in pneumology department (including ICU), general surgery department and gynecology department.ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli had no drug resistance to meropenem and imipenem.For other drugs, resistant rate ESBLs-producing strains was higher than that of no ESBLs-producing stains.CONCLUSION Detection rate of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli shows multiple drug resistance.These ESBLs-producing strains are distributed in various samples in different wards.Clinical distribution and drug resistance characteristics of bacterial strains should be grasped timely to use antibiotics rationally to control transmission and prevalence of ESBLs- producing strains.